Three valves vent air reliably. Blood is the Bolin's test — so wipe the skin, keep the valves clear and watch the breathing until someone else takes over.
At a glance
10 things to know about the Bolin Chest Seal
How the three valves work, what the disc and gel are for, and an honest read of the evidence.
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01
Three one-way valves in a row
The Bolin vents through three one-way valves that let air and fluid out and keep air from being drawn back in.3,6 The patent behind the design places the valves at the center of the seal, each over its own opening, so the wound still vents if the seal is not placed precisely.7
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02
A 6-inch disc that will not wrinkle
The dressing is a 6 in. (15.25 cm) rugged polyurethane disc, stiff enough to prevent wrinkling as it goes on — a wrinkle in a chest seal is a leak.3
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03
Hydrogel that lifts and reseats
A thick hydrogel adhesive layer is strong enough to seal, yet flexible enough to be removed and reapplied as needed3 — useful when the seal has to be burped or repositioned during reassessment.
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04
A gauze pad in the pouch
Each sterile pouch holds one valved hydrogel dressing and one gauze pad.4,5 Use the pad to clear blood and sweat from around the wound before the seal goes on.
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05
It out-stuck the Asherman on bloody skin
In a swine open-pneumothorax model (8 per seal), the Bolin and the Asherman both prevented tension pneumothorax after 1,500 mL of air was infused into the chest. On blood-soiled skin, the Bolin's adherence score was 2.7 against the Asherman's 0.4 on a 0–3 scale.9
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06
In swine, it held off tension where an unvented seal did not
In 8 swine with an open chest wound and an ongoing air leak, the unvented seal led to tension pneumothorax after about 1.4 L of air; the vented seal prevented it.10 The vented seal in that study was the Bolin and the unvented seal was the Halo.11
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07
It struggled when the chest kept bleeding
In a U.S. Army model of a bleeding chest wound in 26 swine, the Bolin succeeded in 0 of 4 animals, against 6 of 6 for the Russell and the Sentinel. The one-way-valve seals did not evacuate blood efficiently: pooled blood either lifted them off the skin or clotted in the valve.13
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08
Its adhesion dropped after extreme storage
In a Navy study on soiled swine skin, the Bolin was one of five seals selected for full testing, but after about 17 hours of storage at −19.5 °C and 71.5 °C its adherence scores were significantly lower than the Russell, FastBreathe, HyFin and SAM, with the highest detachment and breaching scores.12 Keep it out of the hottest and coldest corners of a vehicle or kit.
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09
Stocked under NSN 6510-01-549-0939
The Defense Logistics Agency issues the Bolin as a package of 10 sterile, 6 in. occlusive dressings with three one-way valves.6 Item BCS01 is the single seal. It is made in the USA3 and listed with the FDA as a Class I, 510(k)-exempt occlusive wound dressing.5,8
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10
Not evidence-based standard — and neither is any chest seal
The Evidence-Based Standard Devices & Adjuncts list has no chest-seal entries.2 The TCCC Guidelines call for a vented chest seal without naming a brand.1 Absence from the list does not by itself mean a product was tested and failed.
How to apply the Bolin Chest Seal
The TCCC approach to an open chest wound, with the Bolin's design in mind.
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1Find every hole. Expose the chest and check the back, the sides and the armpits — the back is the wound people miss. Never pack gauze into a chest wound.
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2Cover it now. Put a gloved hand over the hole — or have the casualty use their own — while you open the pouch.
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3Wipe the skin. Use the gauze pad to clear blood, sweat and debris from around the wound.4
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4Peel and center. Remove the backing and center the row of valves over the hole.7
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5Press the disc down all around. Work from the center out so no channel is left for air to leak in under the edge.
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6Keep the valves clear. Do not cover the valves with a dressing, clothing or tape — a covered valve is a non-vented seal.
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7Seal the second hole. An exit wound gets its own seal. Carry two.
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8Watch — and burp, remove or decompress. Unconscious and breathing: recovery position. Conscious: a position of comfort, often sitting up. If breathing worsens, lift the edge of the seal or remove it; trained providers decompress the chest as the TCCC Guidelines direct.1
Where it fits
- Open or sucking chest wounds — front, back or side — from gunshot, stab or fragment injuries1
- The exit wound as well as the entry wound: one seal per hole
- Wounds you will reassess and may need to burp: the hydrogel lifts and reseats3
- Securing a water-impermeable cover over eviscerated abdominal organs that cannot be replaced; the TCCC Guidelines name a chest seal as one adhesive option1
- Packing — never pack anything into the chest or abdomen
- Skin you have not wiped — blood and sweat are what defeat chest-seal adhesion
- Covering the valves with other dressings or clothing
- Routine use on a patient receiving positive-pressure ventilation — the NAEMSP position is that chest seals may be harmful there15
- Practice — train on a chest seal trainer
The evidence
Every study cited above, what it tested, and how strong it is — including the results that went against the Bolin.
| Study | Evidence type | What was studied | What it found |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arnaud et al., Injury 2008 | Animal · swine | Bolin vs Asherman on an open pneumothorax, swine (n = 8 per seal); air and blood infusion; adherence on dry and bloody skin | Both prevented tension pneumothorax; on blood-soiled skin adherence 2.7 (Bolin) vs 0.4 (Asherman), p < 0.01 |
| Kheirabadi et al., J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013 | Animal · swine | Vented (Bolin) vs unvented (Halo) seal on an open chest wound with ongoing air leak, 8 swine | The unvented seal led to tension pneumothorax after ~1.4 L of air; the vented seal prevented it |
| Arnaud et al., Injury 2016 | Animal · live swine skin | Adherence of vented seals on soiled swine skin, then after ~17 h storage at −19.5 °C and 71.5 °C | Bolin adherence significantly lower after extreme storage, with the highest detachment and breaching |
| Kheirabadi et al., J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017 | Animal · swine | Five vented seals on bleeding open chest wounds (hemopneumothorax), 26 swine, challenged with added blood and air | Success: Bolin 0/4, SAM 1/4, HyFin 4/6, Russell 6/6, Sentinel 6/6; valved seals detached or clogged |
| Butler et al., J Spec Oper Med 2013 | Expert review · guideline change | TCCC Guidelines Change 13-02 on open pneumothorax | Vented chest seal first; non-vented if no vented seal is available; monitor and burp, remove or decompress |
| Lyng et al. (NAEMSP), Prehosp Emerg Care 2024 | Expert review · position statement | Structured literature review on EMS care of traumatic pneumothorax | EMS may consider a vented seal in spontaneously breathing patients; seals may be harmful with positive-pressure ventilation |
All of the device data are animal studies; there is no human trial of any chest seal brand. The Bolin did well where the challenge was air and lost ground where the challenge was ongoing bleeding and extreme storage. Each study tested the version available at the time.
How it compares
The other vented seals buyers weigh against the Bolin, on the facts that separate them.
| Bolin™ Chest Seal | Russell Chest Seal® | Sentinel™ Chest Seal | SAM® Chest Seal Combo | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How it vents | Three one-way valves in a row | Four peripheral apertures in a laminar hydrogel dressing | Dual vents with an internal channel: blood out the lower vent, air out the upper | TRUFLOW™ raised-dome one-way valve on the valved seal; second seal non-valved |
| Adhesive | Thick hydrogel, removable and reapplicable | Hydrogel on non-woven fabric | 360° acrylate (Sentinel 10x™) | Hydrogel that reseals after venting |
| Seal size | 6 in. (15.25 cm) diameter disc | 8 × 6 in. (20.3 × 15.2 cm) | 6.5 × 6.5 in. (DLA record) | 7 × 7 in. (17.8 cm) |
| Seals per package | 1, plus a gauze pad | 1 | 1, plus a gauze wipe | 2 — one valved, one non-valved |
| Bleeding chest wound, swine (2017) | 0 of 4 successful13 | 6 of 6 successful13 | 6 of 6 successful13 | 1 of 4 successful (valved seal)13 |
| Adhesion after hot and cold storage (2016) | Lowest of five12 | Held12 | Dropped in pretesting11 | Held12 |
| evidence-based standard | No — the list names no chest seal | No — the list names no chest seal | No — the list names no chest seal | No — the list names no chest seal |
Designs from each manufacturer; the Sentinel's size from its DLA record. Swine results from Kheirabadi 201713 and Arnaud 2016,12 with the Sentinel's pretest result as reported by Kuhlwilm 2021.11
Build the system
The laminar-vent alternatives, the trainer, decompression for trained providers, and the rest of the IFAK.
Questions buyers ask
Package & specifications
Specifications coming soon. Contact us for detailed product information.
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